Subterranean Termites (Order Isoptera)
Description: Subterranean termites are small to medium sized insects that live in colonies. The swarmers have a dark colored body and have two pairs of white colored wings. Subterranean termites do not have a waistline like an ant.
Developmental Biology: Termites develop from a gradual metamorphosis. Eggs are laid by reproductives and from this, nymphs hatch and develop into their specific caste. Pour specific castes will become established: workers, soldiers, winged reproductives and supplementary reproductives.
General Behavior: The first of the eggs to hatch will become workers. They perform tasks such as caring for the queen, cleaning the nest and making tunnels. The soldiers duty is to protect the colony. The supplementary reproductives serve as backups for the queen if she dies and they are the source of egg laying. The primary reproductives, also known as, the swarmers, are most often the ones homeowners see. These are the ones who attempt to establish a new colony after their flight. Termites require moisture to survive. Three of the four castes are soft bodied and will dehydrate quickly when exposed to air. Subterranean termites maintain constant contact with the soil (for moisture and protection) unless there is an alternate source of moisture within a structure - ex: water leak.
Method of Infestation: Since Subterranean Termites require moisture to survive, infestation can occur between the most minute crack within the foundation where a water source is available (Leak). Or they may begin from the soil and continue to feed and build tunnels up the outside of a structure. Specific methods of infestation vary from situation to situation.
Management: There are various ways to eliminate and control subterranean termites. Many factors play a part in the decision of which method to use. Some current available methods are: Trench and Treat, Drill and Treat, Wood Treating, and Preconstruction Termite Treatment. Contact a professional Termite Company for an inspection.
